“Apple Computer, Inc. Think Different, Think Online Music” free essay sample

1. 4 C’s Stakeholder Analysis †¢Customers Based on the foundation of â€Å"the time of the Digital lifestyle†, iTunes 3 objective clients are; StakeholderStake in the projectPotential sway on ProjectGrowth level of online distributionPerceived mentalities and additionally hazards 12 †24 yearsDownloaded a normal of 12 tunes for every month, lodging libraries between 25 to in excess of 300,000 melodies from the internetHigh59%†¢Unlimited library of tunes and recordings by classification, craftsman and collection †¢Software configuration is alluring and simple to utilize Sound in industry standard Dolby Advanced Audio, permitting CD quality sound †¢Better information pressure permitting clients to store more documents all the more rapidly †¢There was no membership charge however tunes were not free †¢The youngsters and kids felt abused by the raising costs of music 25 †34 yearsDownloaded in any event one music record from the interne tHigh43% 35 †54 yearsDownloaded at any rate one music record from the internetMedium24% Online music was developing to be the best marvels in the United States. Insights show that by July 2003, 65 million individuals in the USA had downloaded a tune from the web. We will compose a custom exposition test on â€Å"Apple Computer, Inc.: Think Different, Think Online Music† or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The development rate by December 2002 was at 26% and by under 5 months it had developed to over 30%. Most buyers of this online music were kids and youngsters. They felt abused by the raising costs of music from stores and sort to search for other free or less expensive intends to claim the music. (They don't have a reliable salary). Today’s music industry focuses on the more youthful age. They like to be ‘down with the most recent discharges (both sound and video)’, ‘the freshest child on the block’ and to be known to possess it. ITunes interface as appeared in display 7; have the top collections, top melodies, most recent discharges and top picks and a free 30 second full quality review of any tune. This will hold onto the repetitive inquiry on the web, yet have a one stop look for every one of their inclinations. In view of this, the objective portion 12 †24 years was the most important. †¢Company ITunes fit Apple’s brand and abilities on the grounds that Apple’s brand as of now represents itself with no issue. It is related with elevated level imaginative items with end client capacities from the time it started. Mac has for quite a long time attempted to have items that are restrictive to Mac Computers. In spite of the fact that the market fragment doesn't permit them to do that 100%, they needed to have elective comparative items for Windows PC clients. Apple consistently created items that would be utilized first by Mac clients, to abide in the astonishing highlights and assets. They were faithful to their clients. ITunes was propelled into the previously existing business sector that Apple conveyed. Its vision was to be a significant player in the computerized reconciliation. At the hour of its dispatch, iTunes accompanied the best administrations and highlights to every one of its rivalries. Apple persistent to keep up an exclusive expectation of its items. †¢Competitors Tunes CompetitorsWeaknessesOpportunities for iTunesStrengthsThreats for iTunes Peer to Peer Networks-Quality of downloads was poor - No assurance of the document download was a full form - No assurance of right melody or right title - Trading of copyrighted records was in fact unlawful - RIAA methodology of legitimately assaulting people made some reexamine utilizing these administrations - The music for certain systems were on rental premise Provided CD quality sounds and better information pressure - Guarantee of full form download and lawful exercises in light of the fact that the five biggest music distributers authorized tunes to iTunes. A prepared market portion - The client claims the music - Networks were free, containing a boundless library of tunes and recordings - Easy copying into CDs and MP3 players - Software configuration is anything but difficult to utilize and alluring - One can possess melodies in a short time - Can make melodic collections - Songs are put away straightforwardly on the Hard plate of all PC clients, not constrained to Mac clients as it were. - Downloads costs about equivalent to a CD in the store, this can debilitate the (12 †24 years) target clients who don't have committed salary and as of now believe that the expenses of a CD is costly. - The tune list is constrained to around 200,000. This administration is restrictive to Mac clients, consequently other PC clients can't get to it. Buymusic. com-A range in cost for tunes - Users needed to experience end-use understandings before claiming a melody - One can't explore their downloads - Songs were not perfect to the well known ipod player-One expense for all tunes - Site is buyer neighborly - Songs are accessible by title, craftsman, collection and type before downloading - The ipod player is an Apple brand. - 300,000 tune library - Costs as meager as $0. 79 - Downloads accessible as individual tunes or collections - Downloads are not constrained legitimately to the work area, however other media - Extensive fringe memory gadgets store Different substance and utilization rules dependent on the quantity of PC moves, CD copies and convenient music moves - Services offered to the bigger PC clients (Windows innovation)- The tune list is restricted to around 200,000. - Costs $ 0 . 99, Buymusic. com offers a lower rate. This can be increasingly appealing to the (12 †multi year olds) client target. - Mass exchanges of downloads are restricted to ipods. - Apple clients are at 4% PC showcase, neglecting to change over Windows PC clients. BuyMusic. Com has a bigger crowd offering a similar assistance. Music Stores-A melody/collection costs more - Stores were situated in explicit regions The purchaser doesn't have control of the playlist - Tedious to appear to be unique at costs starting with one store then onto the next truly A tune is less expensive than a collection - Consumers select their own playlist - Online stores like iTunes were a tick away and accessible to all web clients - Easy to take a gander at various costs online-The music business bolsters them 100%; in this way there are no lawful issues. - Available proposals of brought value down to buy music - An a lot bigger choice of music-The Music business could create copyright issues at some rand om time, in this manner lawful issues with RIAA - The tune list is restricted to around 200,000. Network The other outside association/partner that could influence whether iTunes succeeds are; - Government e. g. on the off chance that it presents by laws directing the utilization of web based business or web based stores. - Suppliers e. g. The 5 music merchants choose to suspend the offer of their permit, not to give restrictive dispersion, increment their value cost of the permit. - Recording Industry Association of America with constant dangers of copyright issues. - Lobby gatherings; airing worries on unequivocal music and video content that is uncovered/open to youngsters and adolescents (12 †24 years, showcase portion). The activity of the accompanying individuals can influence the view of customers at the media level and accordingly, the Apple brand is undermined. 2. Situating Map of iTunes 3. ITunes Marketing Mix †¢Product Brand†¢ITunes is an item from the Apple Brand. Apple is a significant player in computerized joining. Appearance†¢Attractive and easy to understand interface as show in Exhibit 7. Quality†¢The nature of the melodies is industry-standard Dolby Advanced Audio coding design delivering CD quality sound. Packaging†¢Better information pressure empowering clients to store tunes and permitting quicker downloading speeds. Backing Service†¢Songs downloaded are lawful with complete possession †¢A huge library with abilities of looking through tunes by craftsman, melody title, collection and additionally class. †¢A arrangement of 30 seconds review Functionality†¢Exclusive to Mac clients just †¢Price FinancingNarrow overall revenue because of sovereignties Per melody Royalties $ 0. 70 Admin Costs $ 0. 12 Profits $ 0. 17 Total $ 0. 99 List priceA single cost for each tune, paying little heed to the class, craftsman, collection or hit. AllowancesAvailability of extra tracks Place Location†¢Internet based site working as the interface for the online store Channel of motivation†¢One click shopping administration Market Coverage†¢Available globally, serving different clients at one given time †¢Promotion Media†¢Abundance of positive press †¢Apples in vogue brand tones was nonstop with a large number of the specialists pictures Advertising†¢Attractive TV publicizing barrage with natural tones †¢Ilife packaged programming suite †¢As the Strategic Director of iTunes, to make an obstruction against the opposition, I would: a. Dispatch a windows form with no more postponements . Include an extra element I. e. client unwaveringness plans binds clients to purchase at iTunes just c. Client the executives programming following and observing shoppers buys needs d. Buymusic. com was elite to Windows PC clients that were the bigger level of the PC showcase. I would propose to gain buymusic. com and gain their bigger piece of the overall industry. Coordinate the declaration to customers with the dispatch of the Windows adaptation with Apple quality and marking. I would hold the Mac clients and obtain new customers with the windows PC clients. This will give iTunes the selectiveness they have been attempting to pick up. e. I would expand the brand value via completing exercises that would upgrade the brand picture I. e. focusing on the 12 †multi year olds f. To put resources into vital coalitions with the 5 biggest music distributers †in order to accomplish eliteness. This would suggest that their rivals would need to purchase from them or it locks them out that buyers can just purchase from iTunes. Be that as it may, one needs to think about the cost ramifications and the situating of the market, as selective merchants. 4. From a Strategic perspec

Effectiveness of the Criminal Justice System free essay sample

The criminal equity framework talk about the viability of lawful and non-lawful measures in accomplishing equity. The criminal equity framework inside Australia is the methods through which the individuals who defy norms specified inside enactment and lawful guidelines are brought to equity as discipline. The lawful and non-lawful estimates actualized are applied over all parts of wrongdoing. The lawful measures incorporate all foundations and procedures empowered by law to manage parts of the criminal equity framework. We will compose a custom article test on Adequacy of the Criminal Justice System or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Non-lawful measures incorporate diversionary projects, for example, therapeutic equity. The utilization of non-lawful measure in accomplishing equity is by and large observed when managing youthful guilty parties. It is utilized trying to permit the restoration and empower the reintegration of youthful guilty parties into society. Non-lawful measures permit society to add to the criminal equity framework, producing a feeling of association bringing about fulfillment concerning the activity and strategies of the criminal equity framework. The criminal examination process is the procedure through which different law requirement establishments research wrongdoings carried out trying to arraign the guilty parties and accomplish a few methods for equity. There are both legitimate and non-lawful measures set up, which have been actualized and add to the viability of the criminal examination process. Police are offered forces to help in the execution of enactment through the Law Enforcement (Powers and Responsibilities) Act 2002 (NSW) and the Crimes (Criminal Organizations Control) Act 2009 (NSW). Police have the duty to secure the network and uphold the law. Anyway there has been analysis that the death of the Crimes (Criminal Organizations Control) Act 2009 (NSW) is excessively unforgiving and gives police controls that are excessively incredible. As innovation turns into an inexorably normal mechanism for wrongdoing police need to adjust to more prominent incorporate innovation into their procedures used to battle wrongdoing. Anyway a few types of innovative headway have been recognized as pointless infringement of protection, for example, CCTV reconnaissance and DNA assortment. Those captured in the conviction that they have perpetrated a wrongdoing are commonly conceded bail except if there are valid justifications not to do as such. This shows the adequacy of the criminal examination process in evacuating the individuals who represent a noteworthy danger to society. Residents include a significant job inside the criminal examination process by revealing wrongdoing. Different projects built up help police in recognizing wrongdoing and help advance a feeling of network cooperation in tackling violations. This incorporates the Crime Stoppers Program, which is a network based program that was brought into NSW in 1989. It is intended to permit the network to report data about crime namelessly. Procedures should be executed to empower the cooperation of residents in announcing wrongdoing, consequently empowering an increasingly viable arrangement of wrongdoing distinguishing proof in the criminal examination process. Using both legitimate and non-lawful estimates the criminal examination process has had the option to improve its adequacy in accomplishing equity. The criminal preliminary procedure permits both the protection and arraignment to give proof trying to demonstrate their case, building up whether the denounced is liable or not liable. When formal charges have been laid against an individual, a conference or preliminary of the denounced should occur in the suitable court. There are a wide range of courts that permit judges and justices to be increasingly spent significant time in the issues heard in different courts, for example, family or youngsters/youthful guilty parties. The specialization of courts and their relating justices permits more prominent comprehension in intention and conditions encompassing the wrongdoing which will additionally increase their capacity to set a fitting discipline that will be best in restoring the denounced. There are different principles which confine what addresses legal advisors can ask and which inquiries must be asked by witnesses. These guidelines have been created so as to attempt to keep the procedure reasonable for the two sides and guarantee consistency between preliminaries. The execution of legitimate guide guarantees that less fortunate guilty parties approach the lawful framework and get a reasonable preliminary. The measures both legitimate and non-lawful through the criminal preliminary procedure guarantee that every wrongdoer gets a reasonable preliminary in which they can be accurately indicted and successfully condemned. Moreover, all through condemning and discipline different legitimate and non-lawful measures have been executed to guarantee that sentences for those indicted are fitting and compelling to empower recovery and reintegration into society and furnish the network with a feeling of equity and security. The arrangement of legal and legal rules implies that cutoff points are set on a judge’s watchfulness while condemning, in this way guaranteeing condemning consistency. These rules were set up according to the case R v. Jurisic (1998). The respondent Jurisic, confessed to three charges of perilous driving occasioning in appalling real mischief. He was found affected by cocaine on one of these charges. He was sentences to year and a half home detainment, lost his driver’s permit for one year and was put on a decent conduct bond for a long time. This was through to be permissive and was requested by the DPP. The intrigue was maintained and the sentence was supplanted by two years detainment and two years exclusion of his driver’s permit. Boss Justice Spiegelman said there was a requirement for an arrangement of rules to expand open trust in condemning. The Supreme Court of New South Wales at that point distributed the condemning rules thus. The criminal preliminary procedure considers a tremendous scope of punishment choices, permitting judges and officers to successfully choose the most proper to guarantee the restoration of the wrongdoer and make a feeling of equity among the network. The Crimes (Sentencing and Procedure) Act 1999 permits the court to arrange that an individual be released, if they go into a consent to take an interest in a mediation program. This is especially successful in restoring those whose wrongdoings are emerge from an extreme medication or betting habit. It shows the network that the criminal equity framework is planned for helping the individuals who have carried out wrongdoings to be restored so as to reintegrate into the more extensive network. All in all, the lawful and non-lawful proportions of the criminal equity framework are compelling in accomplishing equity as they are particular and versatile. At the point when issues emerge identifying with the viability, the state government and courts and ready to rapidly resolve the issue, as observed with the usage of condemning rules. The guidelines and rules take into account consistency all through the preliminary and condemning procedure, furnishing the blamed with a reasonable preliminary and the network with a suspicion that all is well and good and accomplishment of equity.

The Opposite of Freedom Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Opposite of Freedom - Essay Example There would be nobody to live for during those coming years; she would live for herself. There would be no ground-breaking will bowing hers in daze industriousness with which people accept they reserve a privilege to force a private will upon an individual animal. A benevolent goal or a barbarous expectation caused the demonstration to appear to be no less a wrongdoing as she viewed it in a concise snapshot of brightening. (Story 2) For her, opportunity was just conceivable in the demise of her significant other, not in his life. She was not dismal at his withering, since it implied that she would at last have the option to settle on her own choices, at long last ready to carry on with her own life. However the story can not end there. The peruser is recounted to from the get-go in the story that Louise has a powerless heart, and would be worried by the news. At the point when the specialists show up to check her, and ensure she is well, someone else likewise shows up her better half. The story closes When the specialists came they said she had kicked the bucket of coronary illness - of delight that executes (Story 3). As far as possible, she was constrained by her significant other, and the stun at understanding that all the delight she had felt was too early executed her. Indeed, even her demise was controlled by the activities of a man. For Desiree, of Desiree's Baby, the wretchedness in her life is no less clear. She is content with her better half, and they have an extraordinary love. ... She, who is a touchy soul, is happy that the happening to their first kid has relaxed her significant other, who is frequently barbarous with the slaves. At that point, unexpectedly, something changed, and the whole state of mind of the house was extraordinary. Want took note At the point when he addressed her, it was with turned away eyes, from which the old love-light appeared to have gone out. He absented himself from home; and when there, maintained a strategic distance from her quality and that of her kid, without pardon. Furthermore, the very soul of Satan appeared to be out of nowhere to grab hold of him in his dealings with the slaves. Desiree was hopeless enough beyond words. (Desiree 3) Something, it appeared, had changed for him, and his state of mind is the thing that controlled the whole house. When Desiree out of nowhere understands that her child is somewhat dark, she goes to her better half to discover why he was dark. He discloses to her that she should be dark. Also, on the grounds that she was dark, he not, at this point needed her. She left, and he consumed every one of her things, alongside those of the child. However, toward the end, the storyteller imparts to the peruser a note from before. His mom expressed I thank the great God for having so orchestrated our lives that our dear Armand will never realize that his mom, who worships him, has a place with the race that is reviled with the brand of servitude (Desiree 6). He was so humiliated by his own history that he was happy to accuse his better half, and power her to leave, alongside his child. For the two ladies, men controlled their activities. For Desiree, the shortcoming was unmistakably hers, and she had to leave. For Louise, her lone opportunity accompanied her significant other's passing. The two ladies were restricted in their developments by men, yet in various ways. Desiree had to leave, and lose the joy she had with her family, alongside

SOHCATOA on the New SAT

SOHCAHTOA Trig on the New SAT When students found out last year that trigonometry would be on the test, they let out a collective gasp that was heard on Mars. After all, trigonometry identities have been the bane of many novitiates since the time Euclid first wielded a protractor. To make matters worse many high school students planning to take the SAT had yet to take a trigonometry class. While I’m not going to tell you that trigonometry is easy, or that the trigonometry on the SAT is going to be a cinch, the news isn’t as bad as you might think. First off, the trigonometry covered on the SAT will be relatively basic, encompassing two main areas: the unit circle and sine, cosine, and tangent. The sin (π/2 – u) = cos u scary stuff will be absent. The test is more concerned with your understanding of basic concepts. In this post, I’m going to focus on sine, cosine, and tangent, and how they relate to a triangle. To do so, I’m going to use one of the most important mnemonics, or memory device, you’ll ever learn: SOHCAHTOA SOHCAHTOA Practice To understand exactly what this means, let’s start with the following triangle. Triangle ABC is a right triangle. Indeed, SOHCAHTOA only applies to right triangles. But let’s forget that funky mnemonic for a moment and discuss sine, cosine, and tangent. What exactly do these mean? Well, there are certain properties based on the relations of the sides of the triangle. To understand these properties, you’ll have to choose one of the angles that is not the right angle. I’ll choose angle ABC, which I’ll call Θ. The sine of Θ is the side opposite Θ divided by the hypotenuse (the longest side of a right triangle). To simplify: Sine of Θ = Opposite/Hypotenuse, or AC/BC The cosine of Θ equals the adjacent side, or the side right next to Θ that is not the hypotenuse (in this case AB), divided by the hypotenuse. Cosine of Θ = Adjacent/Hypotenuse, or AB/BC Finally, the tangent of Θ is the side opposite Θ divided by the adjacent side. Tangent of Θ = Opposite/Adjacent, or AC/AB Thats enough trigonometry for now. Check in next week, when well present SOHCAHTOA: Part II!

Language Of Routines And Joint Attention Essay - 1107 Words

Early intervention, at its core, is â€Å"services provided to infants and toddlers who are at risk for, or showing signs of developmental delays† (Coleman, 1993). The intervention is individualized for each child and family and their specific needs. Thus, when the service providers work with the families, they can â€Å"create optimal environments for language learning† (Moeller, et. al., 2013). Research shows that language of routines and joint attention are two successful evidence based practices families and interventionist can use with children who are d/Deaf and Hard of Hearing. Joint attention relates to â€Å"the eliciting and directing of another person’s attention to an object for mutual engagement with the object,† (Tasker, Nowakowski, Schmidt, 2010) while language of routines emphases the idea that â€Å"when a child is familiar with routines, the interventionist can focus on scaffolding new and more complex learning† and language (Vyg otsky as cited in Jennings, Hanline Woods, 2012). By utilizing both methods of interventions in a child’s natural environment, their language will flourish. First, to successfully engage in joint attention, one must meet the needs of their child by gaining their attention in a multimodal way. Engaging frequently in joint attention will, therefore, help the child transition out of the egocentric stage to engage in frequent language interactions with others. Research shows that â€Å"hearing children with hearing parents and d/Deaf parents with d/DeafShow MoreRelatedEvaluation Of The Preschool Language1292 Words   |  6 Pages1. 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Knowledge Is Not Encourage Education Essay - 737 Words

Knowledge Is Not Encouraged for Life, But for the Semester In 2007, there was an instance in a math class where the assignment was on something known as a stem-and-leaf plot. The numbers on one side of this table corresponds to the tens place. Its purpose is to present quantitative data in graphical formation, similar to a histogram. It was taught during the chapter on the range, mean, median, and mode. Elementary school students did not understand this seemingly simple math assignment. Some educators used this effectively, while others could not because the students struggled to learn the concept. In the end, it was thrown out of that lesson plan and the students moved on, thus advancing them ahead to the next grade anyways. However,†¦show more content†¦Because of the No-Child-Left-Behind Act of 2001, it has caused a decrease in independent learning. The official requirements of the No-Child-Left-Behind Act of 2001 indicate required standardized testing in the form of an Adequate Yearly Progress (AYP) exam. This is to measure what is to be expected at a given grade level for a student, nationally. Private schools do not adhere to this because of the public’s affiliation with governmental entities that provide funding and other means of provisions such as educational equipment or technology. Though, this is a choice amongst the school board of that given district/school. In turn, the decisions made by the U.S. Department of Education are interpreted by the districts. As per Damon T. Hewitt in his article on â€Å"Reauthorize, Revise, and Remember: Refocusing the Child Left Behind Act to Fulfill Brown’s Promise† (Brown Vs. Board of Education) from the Yale Law Policy Review, this act has been expressed as a reformation of education. His reasoning is on civil rights and inclusion as well equal opportunities. 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Through readings and outside knowledge, I will analyze that there is sufficientRead MoreRationale And Reflection : Understanding And Encouraging Student Learning, Growth, And Development1219 Words   |  5 Pagesstudent The teacher candidate can recognize diversity and understands its impact on education. Quality Indicator 2C5: Prior experiences, learning styles, multiple intelligences, strengths, and needs The teacher candidate is aware of factors that impact learning, including students’ prior experiences, learning styles, multiple intelligences, strengths, and needs. Quality Indicator 2C6: Language, culture, family, and knowledge of community The teacher candidate understands that students’ prior experiences

The Assistant Character Analysis Essay Example For Students

The Assistant: Character Analysis Essay The Assistant is a novel written by Bernard Malamud. It is a story set during the Depression. This story involves several key characters. The two protagonists are Frank Alpine, a drifter, and Morris Bober, a Jewish grocery store clerk. Morris’ wife Ida and daughter Helen are also heavily involved in the story. Frank Alpine is the protagonist of The Assistant. He is a typical Malamud character. Frank is real and memorable. Malamud knows this character well, like he knows all his characters, and he keeps them free of theatrics and sentimentality. These qualities add to the character’s sense of realism and simplicity. Frank is looking for a new life and finds it on the East Coast. It is there where he becomes a criminal. Frank and his friend Ward Minogue break into a grocery store, attack the aged clerk, and rob him. This is where we find Frank at the novel’s opening. He is not a good person, he is a criminal; but he feels guilty about his short life as a criminal. Frank wants atonement for his sin and he feels the only way to achieve it is to work for the man he robbed. Morris Bober, the clerk, finds Frank living in his basement. Frank has been stealing milk and rolls for sustenance. Morris gives Frank a job as his assistant, which starts Frank’s character growth. He does not become a good person right away. Frank steals from the register and even watched Morris’ daughter, Helen, take off her clothes in the bathroom. However, character change takes time and Frank is willing to do what he must to change. Living with an honest Jewish family is a great influence on him. He works hard in the store when Morris is not feeling well. Frank Alpine defeats himself after he has gained so much. One night Frank and Helen meet in the park. Helen is early and finds herself confronted by a rapist. Fortunately, Frank arrives in time to fight off the attacker but he ruins things for himself by picking up where the rapist left off. Again Frank seeks atonement for his sin. Morris has passed away and Frank sacrifices himself for the Bobers. He takes over all the responsibilities of the store and works off his sins against the family. Frank could be seen as anything but a hero. He lacks the virtues that a hero should have and instead has virtues of a villain like cowardice, ignorance and, dishonesty. Malamud dispels this image by creating greatness from within Frank. He evokes sympathy from the readers and succeeds in creating a hero in Frank. Morris Bober is the other protagonist in The Assistant. He is a Jewish shopkeeper, an old man, and a good man. The grocery business is his life; he rarely leaves the store. Morris is a decent man. His calmness and inner peace are his only qualities that let him survive. He endures all the misery that befalls him. The poverty and the desperation around him do not change his steadfastness and honesty. The grocery store is Morris’ destiny. He could have sold it but he let that opportunity slip away. Any opportunity for change he let slip away. He let them pass because he wanted them to pass. Morris sees the store as his tomb but he cares for it and would not want to miss it. The best way to understand Morris’ character is by observing how he reacts to the people and events around him. When he finds Frank in the basement, he willingly gives Frank food and shelter. When Morris begins to understand what kind of person Frank really is, Morris doesn’t give up on him. Instead, he tries to transform Frank into a better person. .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 , .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .postImageUrl , .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 , .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:hover , .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:visited , .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:active { border:0!important; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:active , .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665 .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u2af65e489894b3cf1a07820209d38665:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The adjective melodramatic EssayHe tries to bring out the good in Frank that he knows is there. Morris fires Frank when he finds out Frank was stealing from him. He doesn’t do this out of anger, but out of disappointment. Morris helps Frank more than he knows. He offers Frank spiritual guidance and assistance on matters of humanity. Morris does this with subtlety, so much so that he doesn’t even realize that he is doing it. Morris is a living example of honesty and goodness. Morris dies shortly after firing Frank. Against his wife’s will Morris shovels the sidewalk in front of the store. He dies with an inner peace and happiness. Karp, the liquor storeowner next door, offers to buy the grocery store. Morris is happy and financially well off because of this. He has prevailed against the forces of darkness and his suffering has not been in vain. Helen is the daughter of Morris. She is attractive and instantly catches the eye of Frank, much to the dismay of Ida. She is a lonely person and doesn’t know what she wants for herself. She is trapped in her situation because her family does not have the money to give her more than they have. She is a good-hearted person and a bit stubborn. Helen’s past boyfriends have all been disappointments. Instead of doing anything for her, they have either taken from her or just did nothing but talk. Helen did not want to settle for any of these people, she wanted much better for herself. So she waited. Her senses have been sharpened because of these past boyfriends and she is careful when it comes to selecting a future mate. At first she feels Frank is the same way the other boys, but then she realizes he is different. He sacrifices his evenings to work a second job. Frank uses this extra income to put money back into the store. This helps make up for the money he took out of the register, but Helen doesn’t know that. Frank is different than other people, there is a good person struggling to get out and Helen sees this. This good person does not always come out. When Frank saves her from the rapist, he could have won her for life. Instead, he ruins all future chances with Helen by raping her himself. Ida Bober is Morris’ wife and Helen’s mother. She has acted as Morris’ assistant in the past when it came to running the store. She is able to run the store, but she let Morris take care of it. Morris would not stop her from helping him unless he thought it was too much for her. She has a very strong influence on Morris, as any wife should. Ida was against Frank’s presence in the store as soon as he arrived. He was stealing milk and rolls from them. Morris had to lie to Ida and tell her the thief had stopped just so she would stop nagging him. She was against Frank sleeping in the back room of the store. Ida was sure all the merchandise would be gone in the morning, and when it wasn’t she still did not trust him. Ida tried very hard to keep Helen away from Frank, and she did a good job of it too. She gave Frank dinner before Helen got home in the evening. She let Frank have the nights off so he would not be around when Helen was. But her efforts could only go so far. A determined young male will always find a way to be with the woman he wants. Ida was crushed when she saw Frank and Helen kissing on a door stoop one night. Malamud did a wonderful job in creating these characters. Frank Alpine is a believable and simple character, even with all his flaws. Everybody has flaws and can relate to him. .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a , .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .postImageUrl , .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a , .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:hover , .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:visited , .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:active { border:0!important; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:active , .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u32ee7bf1333280e060765fa9a353e14a:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Everyday Use Walker EssayBy following his example we can strive to be good people even in the midst of our sins. Morris is also a simple man. He is a moral and does his best to help out his fellow man. He does not look for rewards for his actions; just knowing he did a good deed is reward enough. Helen has been hurt in the past and those wounds define who she is. She is careful of who she dates in case she would be hurt again. Ida is a realistic person, more concerned with the well being of her family than doing the right thing. She is a good wife and mother. Malamud used the right characters in telling his story, The Assistant.

Soil Pollution Essay Example Essay Example

Soil Pollution Essay Example Paper Soil Pollution Essay Introduction What Is Soil Pollution? Soil pollution comprises the toxic waste of soils with resources, mostly chemicals that are out of place or are present at concentrations advanced than normal which may have unpleasant effects on humans or other organisms. However, soil pollution is also caused by resources other than the undeviating addition of man-made chemicals such as undeveloped runoff waters, industrial waste materials, acidic precipitates, and radioactive clash. Both organic and inorganic contaminants are imperative in soil. Soil pollution is caused by the presence of synthetic chemicals or other modification in the natural soil background. This type of contamination normally arises from the split of underground storage links, use of pesticides, and percolation of polluted surface water to subsurface strata, oil and fuel dumping, leaching of wastes from landfills or direct discharge of industrial wastes to the soil. The most common chemicals involved are petroleum hydrocarbons, solvents , pesticides, lead and other heavy metals. This episode of this incident is linked with the degree of industrialization and intensities of chemical treatment. Soil pollution can lead to water pollution if poisonous chemicals percolate into groundwater, or if contaminated overflow reaches streams, lakes, or oceans. Soil also naturally contributes to air pollution by releasing likely to explode compounds into the atmosphere. Soil Pollution Essay Body Paragraphs The decay of untreated materials in soil can release sulfur dioxide and other sulfur compounds, causing acid rain. Heavy metals and other potentially toxic elements are the most grave soil pollutants in sewage. Sewage mud contains heavy metals and, if functional over and over again or in large amounts, the treated soil may build up heavy metals and as a result become not capable to even support plant life. In accumulation, chemicals that are not water soluble contaminate plants that grow on polluted soils. The greater than ever pollution of the atmosphere has been one of the greatest concerns for science and the universal public in the last fifty years. The brisk industrialization of agriculture, spreading out of the chemical industry, and the need to generate cheap forms of energy has caused the constant release of man-made organic chemicals into natural ecosystems. As a result, the atmosphere, bodies of water, and many soil environments have become contaminated by a large variety o f toxic compounds. These include the hazard of acute toxicity, genetic changes, birth defects for humans and other organisms. Some of these artificial toxic compounds are also dead set against to substantial, chemical, or biological dreadful conditions and thus be a symbol of an ecological burden of considerable amount. Effects Of Soil Pollution Soil Pollution was in the beginning defined as the pollution of soil system where by noteworthy quantities of chemical or other substances, resulted in the turn down of its fertility or output with respect to the yield of crops. Soil pollution differs from water and air pollution, because the contaminants remain in direct contact with the soil for comparatively longer periods and hence change the chemical and genetic properties of soil. The harmful chemicals can also enter the human food chain from land or water plants. The major sources of pollution of soil include mining, mud, fertilizers, pesticides, composted town refuse etc. Fly ash gen erated from thermal power plants, industrial wastes dumped into surrounding land, mining wastes, non-biodegradable organic pollutants, and industrial sludge’s etc are the reasons which cause soil pollution. Commercial and domestic urban wastes consisting of dried sewage sludge as well as trash and debris materials such as plastics, metal cans, glasses, street sweepings, waste paper, fibers, rubber etc contribute to soil pollution. Effects of Soil Pollutants Different types of soil pollutants have different effect on the nature of soil. Now let’s look into the effect caused by each of these pollutants. a) Synthetic fertilizers: Excess use of fertilizers destroys the microbial plant life in the soil, thus leading to disturbance of essential processes in soil such as nitrogen fixation. ) Pesticides are often used to keep away pests which damage the crops produced and often cause soil pollution as they are mostly non environmental. They take many years to degrade and remai n as toxic remains in soil. They may also enter marine environment through run off after rain and enter the food chain. c) Industrial effluents: Solid, liquid and gaseous pollutants from thermal power plants, paper, fertilizer, iron, and steel industry often end up in the soil and cause dreadful conditions of soil due to their toxicity. ) Urban wastes: wastes generated in urban living areas such as sewage mud, garbage, hospital wastes, plastic bags etc also are a major cause of soil pollution. These wastes tend to build up in soil, support the growth of pathogenic life form and cause diseases. Waste material like plastic tends to remain non biodegradable in soil and affect soil yield. Effective treatment of household wastes and modern methods of sewage throwing away if implemented, soil pollution can be taken care of. Formulation of rigorous pollution control legislation and its efficient realization is also essential and imparting public awareness programmes to educate people regar ding the health hazards of pollution is a must to control soil pollution. Effects Of Soil Erosion On The Environment Loss of soil from land owing to the personal property of water and wind currents is called soil erosion. It is a natural process that transports soil from one location to another. In natural conditions, this progression takes place in a slow and continuing manner. Due to human being impact the rate of soil erosion is considerably accelerated. Some of the issues that speed up the process of soil erosion are deforestation, over grazing and improper or in excess amount of farming practices. When soil erosion happens very slowly but surely it has negligible effect on the land as an adequate amount of time is on hand for to substitute with new soil. But accelerated erosion leads to unfavorable special effects and decreases soil fertility as it diminishes the amount of nutrients. Decrease in soil fertility due to wearing away leads to decrease in the output of crop and also excellence of crops grown. Eroding land can show the way to accidents and when soil that shifts and gets accumulated on roads and streets can block the driving. These effects are common in sloppy and mountain regions. Soil erosion can reason great damage to environment as greater than before loss of soil can have an effect on the growth of natural vegetation and in turn this leads to transfer of fertile land into a desert. Soil erosion leads to confirmation of remains by water currents in water bodies like ponds, which can hurt marine plant and animal life. The soil sediments can cover up fish eggs present in ponds and prevent their hatching. Due to erosion soil particles stay on the edge in water and prevent light from reaching marine plants and have an effect on the process of photosynthesis. Due to gigantic amount of suspended soil particles in water it retains the heat and raises the water temperature, which affects the living organisms. Another major shock from the agricultura l chemicals that often move with worn residue is that these chemicals move into, and pollute, downstream watercourses and water bodies. Where inputs of agricultural chemicals are high – as in the more wealthy nations – costs of removing such pollutants from drinking water can be extensive. The harmful effects of erosion, in terms of decreased agricultural yields, are well known in the developing countries. In erosion-prone areas of the more well-off countries, productivity may be maintained in the short to medium term by increased fertilizer input. The effects of erosion are thus rarely recognized by farmers in richer countries. This approach is however infeasible with regard to erosion in developing countries. Causes Of Soil Pollution Soil pollution is caused by the existence of man-made chemicals or additional variation in the usual soil environment. This type of infectivity characteristically arises from the rupture of alternative storage links, application of pesti cides, and percolation of contaminated surface water to subsurface strata, oil and fuel throwing away, leakage of wastes from landfills or nonstop discharge of industrial wastes to the soil. A soil pollutant is any feature which deteriorates the excellence, stability and mineral substance of the soil or which disturbs the organic sense of balance of the organisms in the soil. Pollution in soil is coupled with factors such as: Haphazard use of fertilizers Soil nutrients are vital for plant growth and development. Fertilizers pollute the soil with impurities. The over use of fertilizers reduce quantity of vegetables and crops grown on soil over the Years. It also reduces the protein content of wheat, maize, etc. , grown on that soil. The carbohydrate quality of such crops also gets tainted. Surplus potassium at ease in soil decreases Vitamin C in vegetables and fruits. The vegetables and fruits grown on over fertilized Use of pesticides, insecticides and herbicides To kill useless ins ects living on crops farmers use pesticides. Pesticides not only bring toxic effect on human and animals but also drop off the fertility of the soil. Dumping of solid wastes In broad-spectrum, solid waste includes trash, domestic refuse and not needed solid materials such as those from commercial, industrial and agricultural operations. Since a considerable amount of urban solid throw away tends to be paper and food waste, the majority is recyclable or biodegradable in landfills. I the same way, most agricultural waste is recycled and mining waste is left on site. The segment of solid waste that is dangerous such as oils, battery metals, heavy metals from smelting industries and organic solvents are the ones we have to pay particular attention to. Deforestation Soil Erosion occurs when the worn out particles are dislodged and passed away by wind or water. Deforestation, agricultural development, temperature extremes, and human actions add to this erosion. Humans speed up this proces s by construction, mining, and overgrazing. It results in floods and cause soil erosion. Forests hold up many habitats and ecosystems, which make available immeasurable feeding pathways or food chains to all species. During the past few years quite a lot of vast green land has been converted into deserts. Deforestation is slowly destroying the most dynamic flora and fauna areas in the human race. We will write a custom essay sample on Soil Pollution Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Soil Pollution Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Soil Pollution Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

Buying behavior, TV advertisements, ethical and unethical. The WritePass Journal

Buying behavior, TV advertisements, ethical and unethical. References Buying behavior, TV advertisements, ethical and unethical. CHAPTER1.1 INRODUCTION1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT1.3 PROBLEM JUSTIFICATION1.4 OBJECTIVES1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYCompaniesConsumersAdvertising firms 1.6 SCOPE AND THE LIMITATIONS OF THE STDY.CHAPTER 22.1LITERATURE2.2 LITERATURE REVIEWImplications for the Western WorldImplications for Asian countriesImplications for neighbor countryCHAPTER 33.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK3.2 HYPOTHESES3.3 METHODOLOGY  3.4 POPULATION AND SAMPLE.3.5 STATISTICAL APPROCHCHAPTER 44.1 CONCLUSIONReferencesAppendix (Statistical Approach) Appendix 2 (Operationalisation)Related CHAPTER 1.1 INRODUCTION It is believed that the buying behavior of consumers can be influenced by vast promotions. Among all types of promotional techniques, TV promotions play a vital role in consumers’ buying behavior. â€Å"Advertising perception has a significant impact on consumers’ intention to reject the products and the brand† (Chan et al, 2007). The marketers around the world use different kinds of promotion techniques as a tool of conveying the message about their products or services to the target consumers. Marketers tend to believe that all consumers around the world have similar needs as well as desires and that the global market is growing increasingly homogeneous (Chan et al, 2007). Therefore they try to capture the market through advertising without considering what customers expect from the firms. Due to the rapid growth in the media, all most all firms use TV as their media of promotion to grasp the target market. The Sri Lankan structure of advertising industry is also affected by globalization. At present, there are number of private and government advertising companies inSri Lanka. The advertising companies are also affected by the local FMCG companies. Due to the arising completion, companies should involve in vast promotions in order to capture the market before their competitors. It is believed that there is a relationship between TV promotions and buying behavior of consumers. In order to identify what the customer expects from marketers, it’s vital to carry out a research on how ethical and unethical TV advertisements affect on consumer buying behavior in FMCG industry inSri Lanka? 1.2 PROBLEM STATEMENT How ethical and unethical TV advertisements affect on consumer buying behavior in FMCG industry in Sri Lanka?    1.3 PROBLEM JUSTIFICATION The companies that are operating in the FMCG industry inSri Lankashould focus on increasing their sales through identifying their customer expectations. Today almost all the organization around the world, use TV advertisements as a way of conveying the message about their product to the target market. Therefore it is important for marketers to identify the consumer perception about ethical and unethical TV advertisements and its impact on the company sales. Most of the companies do not analyze their customer expectations before they telecast their advertisements on TV. This has created a contradictory situation in the society which may result in negative perceptions about the product which is promoted through the advertisement. R.C. Earnest (2007), who conducted a research on ethnically targeted advertising, has found that â€Å"there were negative attitudinal, emotional, and behavioral reactions by those who are not targeted, which may result in a drop of sales.† With the arising competition, it’s important for organizations to find out the ways and means of satisfying customers in order to make the existing customer retain with the company and attract new customers through vast promotions. The level of understanding of what local customer expect from the marketers when they are doing their promotions through television is, questionable. It is important for organizations to understand and examine the impact of TV advertisements on consumer buying behavior in order to be successful in the future. 1.4 OBJECTIVES To identify how consumers react to unethical and ethical TV advertisements done by FMCG industry inSri Lanka. To find out the impact on buying behavior of the consumers depending on the ethicality and unethicality of the TV advertisements. To find out the relationship between different types of advertisements and buying behavior To find out what type of advertisements attracts more customers towards the product. To recommend alterations to enhance the quality of suitable TV advertisements inSri Lanka. 1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY Companies The buying behavior of the consumers would be analyzed with regard to the TV advertisements done by companies who are operating in the FMCG industry inSri Lanka. This study will enable the companies to understand their consumers and plan their future promotions in a way in which it will increase customers’ satisfaction. The study also emphasis on possible consequences that may arise in the long run if the company target only one ethnic or religious group in their advertisements. It will also enable the companies to get an idea about the effectiveness of using Indian and other foreign TV advertisements in Sri Lankan context. As this study enables to indentify customer’s perception of the ethical and unethical advertisements, the companies would be able to fulfill customer expectations by providing what customers perceive as ethical. It will create positive attitudes towards the product and the company, ensuring their sales would not drop as a result of an unethical advertisement. Consumers As the study focuses on customer perception regarding ethical and unethical advertisements, the customers will be able to watch TV advertisements without feeling uneasy and embarrassed and they wouldn’t become offended regarding controversial advertisements Further as the production of unethical advertisements diminishes due to the awareness created among the advertising firms through the study and the consumer would be able to grasp the exact message which the company wishes to deliver to the customers when the advertisement is devoid of unethical content. The study will provide an opportunity for the customers to express their views on ethical and unethical TV advertisements. Advertising firms As the study provides details regarding the factors that should be considered when producing TV advertisements for Sri Lankan audience, the advertisement firms will be benefited in terms of understanding the target audience and to be more responsible about the content of the advertisements. The study will specify on what is ethical and what is unethical in terms of customer perspective, which should be the main concern of the advertising firms. Through the provided recommendations the firms can improve the quality of their advertisements, meeting customer expectations which will enable them to serve the society better. 1.6 SCOPE AND THE LIMITATIONS OF THE STDY. Limitation associated with this study begins with the nature of sample, which are the working women in selected areas whose minimum educational level would be the completion of GCE (A/L) and the advertisements done by companies who are operating in the FMCG sector inSri Lankawithin the time period of 2007-2008. The above mentioned sample is selected based on following assumptions: As the society acceptance is more towards the working females, the data gathered through them would be more reliable. Minimum educational level is specified considering the fact that they are knowledgeable enough to distinguish what is ethical and unethical. Further the selected area would beColombomunicipal council and the time period is specified due to time limitation and ease of data gathering. The study is carried out considering only a group of customers which might cause biasness in the findings. Selection of TV as media of advertising and FMCG industry are limiting the study to one particular sector. CHAPTER 2 2.1LITERATURE â€Å"Ethics of advertising intends to ensure that advertisers and consumers co-exist without being harmed by the messages of advertisements.† Ethical advertising provides information regarding the product without harming any parties involved as well as people who watch.â€Å"Unethical advertising, by contrast, deceives consumers by concealing significant facts about a product or service.† Unethical do not satisfy the interests and expectations of the consumers (AcaDemon, 2008) 2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW Numbers of researches around the world have carried out research to find out if there exists a relationship between TV advertisements and the buying behavior. Implications for the Western World It is interesting to observe that TV advertisements have an impact on the Buying behaviors of the New Zealandcustomers. A group of researchers who carried out a research â€Å"to examine what influences perceptions of infomercial advertising effectiveness among a sample of actual infomercial buyers† (Martin et al, 2002), have found that the consumers included in the sample which was 2,670 customers who had bought one of six different products advertised within two weeks, has admitted that the infomercial advertisements (Appendix 1) had been effective in getting them to buy the product (Martin et al, 2002). Unlike most researchers, this group has identified a relationship between a demographic factor which is age and the buying behavior of the consumers. According to the findings of Martine et al, (2002) age impacted how consumers view infomercials, as did the product type purchased. Hypotheses Ho1 and Ha1 were developed according to the findings of this study. Barrio-Garcia Luque- Martinez (2003) who conducted a research inSpainhad focused on a different aspect of advertising. In contrast to the above mentioned group, this group has selected the comparative advertising in order to find out the relationship between TV advertisements and buying behavior of the consumers. The study was carried out on the objective of â€Å"to provide marketing professionals with a theoretical outline that will allow them to understand the persuasive mechanism that underlies comparative advertising effectiveness, helping them in their marketing decision-making processes† (Barrio-Garcia Luque- Martinez, 2003). Comparing to the above group, this group had identified a negative relationship between advertisements and buying behavior of the consumers. The findings of the study states that, â€Å"increase in comparative advertising intensity negatively affect towards the brands advertised and also purchase intensions† (Barrio-Garcia Luque- Martinez , 2003). In order to gather data, they have used relatively a small sample which consisted of 720 consumers selected from four geographical areas ofSpain. The finding of this study was utilized in order to develop Hypotheses Ho2 and Ha2. Petrovici Marinov (2007), two British researchers have also concentrated on how TV advertisements affect on buying behavior of the consumers. They have used a different approach to attempt the research objective which is â€Å"to explore the relationship between determinants and primary antecedents of advertising and attitudes to advertising in the context of European Union accession countries† (Petrovici Marinov, 2007). Even though the sample selected was small (797 respondents) comparing to New Zealand researches (sample of 2,670 respondents), this group has selected their sample from two different countries (Romania and Bulgaria) which helps to broaden their study further and their findings are more reliable as they have conducted face-to-face interviews with the respondents. It is proved that brand recognition and acquisition can be achieved through realistic, truthful and fair advertising (Petrovici Marinov, 2007). Hypotheses Ho3, Ha3 and Ho4, Ha4 were developed in rel ation to the findings of this study. Romani (2006) who conducted the research inItalyhas used different types of variables compared to other western researches to test the relationship between TV advertisements and buying behavior. The variables used in this study were, willingness to buy the advertised product, trustworthiness towards the source of information and completeness or clarity of price information contained in the advertisement. The researcher has used qualitative and experimental studies in order to identify the misleading price communication strategies and consumer response to those advertisements. The respondents sample were very small (480) compared to above mentioned studies which is a drawback of the study. The conclusions drawn from the study show that there is a negative relationship between price misleading advertisements and the customer’s willingness to buy and there is a positive relationship between trustworthiness towards the source of information. The objective of the study was to †Å"investigate consumers’ reactions to advertisements containing misleading information on price† (Romani, 2006). Development of hypotheses Ho5, Ha5 and Ho6, Ha6 were based on the findings of this study. Implications for Asian countries According to R.C. Earnest (2007), â€Å"Unintended audiences often view advertisements targeted at other groups and make decisions regarding the advertisement, brand and company behind the advertising which affect future consumer behavior†. The objective of the study was â€Å"to extend current knowledge on advertising effects on those not targeted by noting unintended consequences on attitudinal, emotional and behavioral reactions† R.C. Earnest (2007). A similar type of sample which Petrovici Marinov (2007), used in their study was utilized in order to gather data. Instead of selecting the sample from two countries, R.C. Earnest (2007) has selected the sample from two distinct ethnic groups (Malay and Chinese) inKuala Lumpur,Malaysia. A fair number of respondents (200 Chinese and 199 Malays) were selected from each group and data were gathered by means of a questionnaire which was based on fiction advertisements targeted at dominant and non- dominant ethnic groups inM alaysia. Hypotheses Ho7 and Ha7 were developed on the basis of findings of this study. Chan McNeal (2003) have concentrated on an atypical aspect of how TV advertisements influence on buying behavior of the consumers. They have emphasized on parent- child communications about consumption and advertising which distinguish their study from the others. Comparatively a large sample (1,665) of parents with children aged 6 to 14 were selected from 3 cities inChinaand a questionnaire is being distributed in order to gather data. Out of all the findings of their study most relevant finding to the current study is that, pluralistic and consensual parents take their children’s opinions about advertisements in to consideration when consuming certain products. Implications for neighbor country A study conducted by Fam Grosh (2007) has derived an interesting finding from the data they gathered using 1,000 urban young adults. Even the sample selected was relatively low compared to the  Ã‚   Martin et al’s, (2002) study, the sample was drawn from five Asian countries includingIndia. The method that they have used to gather data was telephone interviews which distinguish this study from the above mentioned studies. The respondents were questioned on their thoughts about the TV advertisements that they liked, product that was being advertised and purchase intensions. The objective of the study was â€Å"to examine likeable executional techniques in advertising across five Asian countries and their impact on purchase intension† (Fam Grosh, 2007). The researchers found that unlike in the all other four countries India is the only country where the respondents’ react for the likeable executional tools and likeable attributes such as soft sell and relevant to me, has positively affected the respondents’ decision to buy more of a product/ brand after they exposure to the advertisement (Fam Grosh, 2007). Further most interesting finding of the study is that unlike in other countries Indian customers have responded negatively to advertisements in which children misbehave. Hypotheses Ho8 and 8were constructed with relevant to the findings of this study. Above discussed literature illustrates that advertisements have a significant impact on consumer buying behavior. CHAPTER 3 3.1 CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK The following variables are derived from the literature provided in chapter 2. Independent Variables  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Dependent Variables 3.2 HYPOTHESES Ho1: There is no relationship between infomercial advertisements and buying behavior. Ha1: There is a relationship between infomercial advertisements and buying behavior. Ho2: There is no relationship between Comparative Advertisements and buying behavior. Ha2: There is a relationship between Comparative Advertisements and buying behavior. Ho3: There is no relationship between Realistic Advertisements and buying behavior. Ha3: There is a relationship between Realistic Advertisements and buying behavior. Ho4: There is a negative relationship between Truthfulness of the information provided and the  Ã‚   buying behavior. Ha4: There is a positive relationship between Truthfulness of the information provided and the  Ã‚   buying behavior. H05: There is no relationship between Trustworthiness of the source and buying behavior. Ha5: There is a relationship between Trustworthiness of the source and buying behavior. Ho6: There is no relationship between Price misleading advertisements and buying behavior. Ha6: There is a relationship between Price misleading advertisements and buying behavior Ho7: There is a negative relationship between ethnically targeted advertisements and buying behavior. Ha7: There is a positive relationship between ethnically targeted advertisements and buying behavior. Ho8: There is a negative relationship between Children misbehaved advertisements and buying behavior. Ha8: There is a positive relationship between Children misbehaved advertisements and buying behavior. 3.3 METHODOLOGY Population, sampling and statistical approach will be discussed under this topic.   3.4 POPULATION AND SAMPLE. Selected population for in order to gather data is working women inColombodistrict with a minimum education level of G.C.E (A/L). Below diagram elaborates the selection of sample. The sampling method adapted is a proportionate probability area sampling technique. Where the selected sample of individuals was chosen based on their geographical location (Colombo District) and were further chosen based on if they were employed and had completed the G.C.E (A/L). Since the sample is larger than 35, hence, this can be categorized as a parametric test. Note: 16.7% is the whole Female, employed and above G.C.E (A/L) rate 19,886,000 is the whole Sri Lankan population 2,421,000 is the wholeColombodistrict population 647,100 is the whole population ofColombomunicipal council 210,546 is the whole population of Dehiwala municipal council 117,563 is the whole population of Moratuwa municipal council 116366 is the whole population of Sri Jayewardenepura municipal council 3.5 STATISTICAL APPROCH According to the table provided in the Appendix 1, multiple regression analysis should be used to analyze data. Further Martine et al. (2002) also have used the multiple regression method to analyze data in their study. In order to gather data five point Likert scale would be adapted as previous researches, Chan McNeal (2003) and Martin et al (2002) have also used the same scale to gather data. CHAPTER 4 4.1 CONCLUSION The proposed study analyzes the impact of ethical and unethical TV advertisements on buying behavior of the consumers in FMCG industry inSri Lanka. Further the study analyses the relationship of how different types of TV advertisements affect on the buying behavior of the consumers using a sample of 104 working women inColombodistrict who have completed A/L examination. Literature review of the current study provides sufficient evidence of past researches which have discussed the similar relationships between the variables selected. Further the study enables the marketers to understand the customer well and as a result they will be able to fulfill consumer expectations through their advertisements. References Chan et al. 2007, ‘Consumers response to offensive advertising: a cross cultural study’, International Marketing Review, vol.24, no.5, pp.606-628. R.C. Earnest 2007, ‘Ethnically targeted advertising views of those not targeted’, Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing, vol.19, no.3, pp.265-285. Martin et al. 2002, ‘Infomercials and advertising effectiveness: an empirical study’, Journal of consumer marketing, vol.19, no.6, pp.468-480. Barrio-Garcia Luque- Martinez 2003, ‘Modeling consumer response to differing levels of comparative advertising’, European Journal of Marketing, vol.37, no.1/2, pp.256-274. Petrovici Marinov 2007, ‘Determinants and antecedents of general attitudes towards advertising’, European Journal of Marketing, vol.41, no.3/4, pp.307-326. Romani 2006, ‘Price misleading advertising: effects on trustworthiness toward the source of information and willingness to buy’, Journal of product and brand management, vol.15, no.2, pp.130-138. Chan McNeal 2003, ‘Parent-child communications about consumption and advertising in China’, Journal of consumer marketing, vol.20, no.4, pp.317-334. Fam Grosh 2007, ‘Cultural values and effective executional techniques in advertising’, International Marketing Review, vol.24, no.5, pp.519-638. City population 2008, Sri Lanka , [Online], Available: citypopulation.de/SriLanka.html [Accessed 3rd December 2008] Department of Census statistics 2006, Bulletin of Labor Force Statistics, [Online], Available: statistics.gov.lk/samplesurvey/labourforce/mainpage.pdf [Accessed 3rd December 2008] AcaDemon 2008, ‘Papers on Ethical Advertising and similar term paper topics’, [Online], Available: academon.com/lib/paper/31480.html [Accessed 10th December 2008] Appendix (Statistical Approach)    INDEPENDENT VARIABLE DATA TYPE DEPENDENT VARIABLE DATA TYPE:Buying behavior SELECTED STATISTICAL METHOD INDEPENDENT VARIABLE 1:Infomercial advertisements Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE2:Comparative advertisements Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE3:Realistic advertisements Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE4:Truthfulness of the information provided Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE 5:Trustworthiness of the source Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE 6:Price misleading advertisements.   Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE 7: Ethnically targeted advertisements   Interval Interval Multiple Regression INDEPENDENT VARIABLE 8: Children’s misbehave advertisements    Interval Interval Multiple Regression Appendix 2 (Operationalisation) Types of variables Measurement Questions/ Description Type of Data Independent Variables Infomercial advertisements Likert Scale I feel that infomercial advertisements make me buy the product compared to other advertisements. Interval Comparative advertisements Likert Scale Comparative advertisements annoy me Interval Realistic Advertisements Likert Scale I feel that realistic advertisements convince me more to buy the advertised product. Interval Truthfulness of the information provided in the advertisements Likert Scale I tend to purchase the product if the advertised information is trustworthy. Interval Trustworthiness of the source Likert Scale I believe that TV advertisements are more reliable than other sources. Interval Price misleading advertisements Likert Scale Price misleading advertisements makes me reconsider when buying the relevant product. Interval Ethnically target advertisements Likert Scale Advertisements targeting an ethnic group discourage me to purchase the product. Interval Children misbehave in advertisements Likert Scale I reject buying products that are advertised using children’s misbehaviour. Interval Dependant Variable Buying Behaviour Likert Scale Television advertisements encourage me to buy the relevant products. Interval

Grounds For Appeal On The Administrative Law Essay

Grounds For Appeal On The Administrative Law - Essay Example In Estate of Bravada case, a testator executed a will on a piece of notepaper1. Though, there had been two independent witnesses as required under section 9 of the Wills Act, 1837, the testator’s two daughters were also signed as witnesses. However, this is contrary to the section 15 of the Wills Act, 1837. In the above case, the gift was confronted on the footing that under s.15 of the Wills Act 1837, a beneficiary who stood as a witness to a will could not take a gift under that will. In this case, all the three judges declined to fine tune with the customary interpretation of s.15. Salmon LJ viewed that the wording of s.15 of the Wills Act 1837 is too simple, and the section makes it obvious that if any individual signs as a witness to any gift, then such gift shall be declared as null and void2. It is submitted that in Miller case, Jekyll MR had held that a supposed donation of a coach and horses to the donor’s wife failed as there had been no evidence of delivery. The same rationale will be applicable in Bogusz case also as there is no evidence for handing over of the title deeds of the home and the relevant keys to Ms. Cheryle Valley3. The so-called gift by Bogusz to Ms. Cheryle Vallee has established a mere expectation on the part of the donee namely Ms. Cheryle Vallee. However, it is to be noted that proprietary estoppel of 1975 Act will not come to help in Ms. Cheryle Vallee case. Under English law, there will be the transfer of rights under proprietary estoppel if somebody has given a concise promise that they will inherit or acquire a privilege over a property provided if they reasonably bank upon such a promise and if they act in a major way not to their disadvantage on the footing on that promise. If the above-stated ingredients of promises, disadvantage and dependence are present, the usual relief will be that the property will be vested with the claimant, if the court is of  the view that there is a need to permit a claim in the said scenarios.

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Gender Relations in Chinua Achebes Things Fall Apart Essay -- Things

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Enculturation has undeniably been influenced by mass media. Meanwhile, enculturation is defined as â€Å"the gradual acceptance by a person or group of the standards and practices of another person or culture† (MSN Encarta Encyclopedia Online, 2009). Mass media, on the other hand, is the â€Å"technological means of sending information, ideas, opinion, etc. through the mass commuinication device to a diverse audience† (National Institute of Open Schooling, 2009). In changing and molding the culture, mass media has become an essential factor. Due to the important influence of mass media in enculturation, both has inevitably become inseparable. Through mass media, communication and information dissemination has become more effective and swift. The information about one country is immediately transmitted to another place which will eventually influence that place. The influence of mass media, however, can be good or bad to young people. For example, the young people has also been assaulted with a series of conflicting messages that has relation to human decency, respect for others, and peaceful co-existence in one place through the power of mass media (Deci and Ryan). It is also noteworthy that an artist can easily influence the culture of young people through the power of mass media. Britney Spears, for example, has been an icon in some other parts of the world. Her styles and songs were inculcated in the minds of young people and made others emulate her entirely. Furthermore, the impact on enculturation by the mass media have become stronger because of the techological innovations like the internet. People from other parts of the world has come to understand the lifestyles of others. It has effectively eliminated physical, philosophical, religious, and political boundaries among nations. It can be noted that during the 9/11 attack, the world’s view about terrorists and terrorism have changed. Ramarkably, peaceful talks has also been possible among nations having different religious beliefs and government. Hence, mass media has been an effective means in shaping one’s own culture and the acceptance of other people’s culture.